The most common types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes was previously called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile-onset diabetes. Type 1 diabetes may account for 5% to 10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. About half of all cases of type 1 diabetes appear in childhood or in the early teenage years. Risk factors are less well defined for type 1 diabetes than for type 2 diabetes, but auto-immune, genetic, and environmental factors are involved in the development of this type of diabetes. The major difference between type 1 and type 2 is that for type 1 the pancreas makes little or no insulin. Whereas in type 2's the pancreas is still producing insulin but not in a high enough quantity.

Type 2 diabetes was previously called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes. Type 2 diabetes may account for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes and most often occurs in adults. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, prior history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, physical inactivity, and race/ethnicity. African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and some Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders are at particularly high risk for type 2 diabetes.

Gestational diabetes develops in 2% to 5% of all pregnancies but disappears when a pregnancy is over. Gestational diabetes occurs more frequently in African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and persons with a family history of diabetes. Obesity is also associated with higher risk. Women who have had gestational diabetes are at increased risk for later developing type 2 diabetes. In some studies, nearly 40% of women with a history of gestational diabetes developed diabetes in the future.

Type 1: also nown as juvenile, Insulin dependent: IDDM

Type 1.5: those going from type 2, with lower insulin levels showing signs of pancreatic exhaustion

Type 2: NIDDM, non insulin dpendent diabetes,

MODY: Maturitty onset Diabetes mellitus: usually happening to children under the age of 40, though under 9 is more appropriate

Brittle: Diabetes showing extreme highs and lows wihtin a matter of minutes. This happens when tehpancrease and beta cells are not synchronized absed on small intestinal signals.

Caustive: Tis is diabetes thathappens because of disease: Also called traumatic DM

gestational: Pregnancy, post or pre. Many dont realize that during nursing gestational diabetes is still in effect. Gestational in odle ryears is eventual type 2. Gestational can also cause MODY

Diabetes Insipidus: Kidney disease where the kidney is in a continual state of hyper activity.

For the record, officially, there is no such thing as type 1.5, although I have heard people with LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults) which is really just a slowly-developing form of type 1 diabetes (more specifically type 1a). The classification of diabetes is not determined by treatment, it is classified by etiology (cause or origin) of the condition.

An international Expert Committee, working under the sponsorship of the American Diabetes Association, was established in May 1995 to review the scientific literature since 1979 and to decide if changes to the classification and diagnosis of diabetes were warranted. The Committee met on multiple occasions and widely circulated a draft report of their findings and preliminary recommendations to the international diabetes community. In 2003, the Committee discussed and revised numerous drafts of a manuscript that culminated in this published document. (see Diabetes Care 26:S5-S20, 2003 for the official documented publication).

__________________
Type 1 since September 1976 (dx'd age 7). Now age 37. Blog: http://sstrumello.blogspot.com/. Yahoo Group: http://health.groups.yahoo.com/groups/DiabetesPortal. NYC Advocacy Website:
http://www.stopnyca1ctracking.org.

Type 1.5 is for those who are going through Pancreatib exhaustion.
I was Dxd when I was 4 as borderline, and al my life i have been diabetic.
When I go tinto this many mnay eyars ago and I attend the seminars and symposiums it is often discusse din length the new types. or new classifications.
Its often hard to keep up with these listings as it changes so frequently.

But I stick by teh classificatiosn as set forthe by the Board of endocrinologsist, simply because thats how we have to classify pateints based on lab work and patient outcomes.
theer is a lot of mythinformation floating around out there and even many diabetics arent aware of the subtle nuances and differentiations that make or break treatment and diagnosis.

Type 2's who burn out their beta cells and need insulin are called "Type 2's who need insulin". Their type of diabetes does NOT turn into Type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disease caused by the IMMUNE SYSTEM attacking their beta cells. NOT the same as insulin resistance.

Sometimes you have a person with BOTH types of diabetes, meaning they have insulin resistance AND antibodies. That means they have BOTH Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It doesn't matter which came first. Some people call this "double diabetes".

LADA (incorrectly called Type 1.5) is simply slow onset Type 1 in adults. They can sometimes go for awhile without insulin until their cells are completely destroyed. They have antibodies and not insulin resistance though, so they are Type 1 and not Type 2.

I'm sorry, but I really am beginning to doubt you are a "diabetic educator". You did say you were one, didn't you?

You coudl doubt it all you want. ANd I am sorry that you are not UP on all teh information that is out there. You apparently go by mostly the magazines and currnet " offical" promulgated information that is by and far not as broad as it really is.

Type 2 do not " burn out" there beta calles. It is called panacreatatic exhaustion, pancreatic failure. Because o fthis we " turn" type 1. because of the need of insulin.
Type 2s that need insulin ae those who still have activity in there pancreas but fail to produce enough to cover the need and ability to produce.

Type 2s turn type 1. Unfortunate that you are stuck in a void.

The name "Type 1 diabetes" DOES NOT simply mean you need insulin, although all people with autoimmune Type 1 diabetes do need insulin to stay alive. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, which is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells.

In Type 2 diabetes, we know that high levels of glucose (blood sugar) is toxic to the beta cells themself. Usually Type 2's need to go on insulin if they do not make the effort to control their disease early on. I am NOT referring to those with rare forms of Type 2 like MODY.

Type 1 diabetics have specific genetic markers for autoimmunity (specific HLA types), islet autoantibodies in their blood, and often other autoimmune conditions.

Type 2 diabetics clearly do NOT have these markers, as they have a metabolic disease (insulin resistance) and NOT autoimmunity. They also do not share genes with autoimmune diabetes (HLA markers). They are two different diseases with different genetics. THAT IS WHY WE HAVE THE TERMS TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 TO DESCRIBE THE FORMS OF DIABETES! We don't use the term "Type 1" to describe "insulin dependent" diabetes anymore because it is incorrect. Some Type 2's use insulin, but they DO NOT have autoimmune diabetes (Type 1). Type 1 means "autoimmune diabetes" and Type 2 means "insulin resistance". A Type 2 CAN NOT turn into a Type 1 if they take insulin, they simply are an insulin using Type 2. Please refer to the previous article posted for more help in understanding this. I can post more medical articles if you like.

And no, I do NOT get my information from "magazines". I am a pre-med Science student who will be continuing research on the etiologies of autoimmune diseases.

I'd like to know where YOU claim to be getting your information, because as far as I know, ******** Technicians are not able to become CDE's. Please stop trolling websites for medical information and posting about medical issues which you clearly do not understand. The last thing we need is more misconceptions about diabetes!

This was taken off this very website! It was posted by the Admin, the owner of this board and a Type 1 himself. If you don't believe me, read the information yourself! You can argue with him if you like! It points out that Type 1 was previously called "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus", and Type 2 was previously called "non-insulin dependent". These terms are incorrect for various reasons I gave and are no longer used by the medical or scientific community.

Type 1 diabetes was previously called (IDDM) or juvenile-onset diabetes. Type 1 diabetes develops when the body's immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells, the only cells in the body that make the hormone insulin that regulates blood glucose. To survive, people with type 1 diabetes must have insulin delivered by injection or a pump. This form of diabetes usually strikes children and young adults, although disease onset can occur at any age. Type 1 diabetes accounts for 5% to 10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. Risk factors for type 1 diabetes may be autoimmune, genetic, or environmental. There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Several clinical trials of methods of the prevention of type 1 diabetes are currently in progress or are being planned.

Type 2 diabetes was previously called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. It usually begins as insulin resistance, a disorder in which the cells do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises, the pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce it. Type 2 diabetes is associated with older age, obesity, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity, and race/ethnicity. African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and some Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders are at particularly high risk for type 2 diabetes and its complications. Clinically-based reports and regional studies suggest that type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, although still rare, is being diagnosed more frequently, particularly in American Indians, African Americans, and Hispanic/Latino Americans.

Another way to discern between Type 1 and Type 2's who take insulin is insulin sensitivity. Strictly Type 1's are merely insulin deficient, but will process insulin normally once injected and need fairly small doses. They are insulin sensitive. Not so in Type 2's.

For instance, I usually use 17- 30 units TOTAL per day. If I eat a lot of carbs (say 350 in a day), I will usually only need maximum 30-32 units in a day. This includes my basal AND boluses.

In contrast, a Type 2 has insulin resistance and is usually overweight/obese. They will need INSANE amount of insulin, sometimes as much as 100-150 units a day. This excess insulin is part of what contributes to their increased risk of heart attack and vascular disease. It is much better to try and diet and exercise to lose weight for a Type 2 then wait until it gets so bad they must use insulin.

I understand some people will eventually need insulin no matter what, but often it need not happen if people actually make the effort to lose the weight and correct what causes Type 2 diabetes in the first place, which is insulin resistance. In most (but not all) cases, this can be done simply by healthy eating and lots of exercise.

Insulin sensitivity is ANOTHER main difference between Type 1 and Type 2.

For instance, I usually use 17- 30 units TOTAL per day. If I eat a lot of carbs (say 350 in a day), I will usually only need maximum 30-32 units in a day. This includes my basal AND boluses. Needing a maxiumum f 30 units perday on a divided dose is nto normal in type 1 regulation.
What is your base dose. Algorythm meausrments are base don .02-.05 for obese pateints per Kg per days with a base. Your units are irratic. I think perhaps you are the one who is fooling yourself. I am on abase of 52 units Lantus basal with a MAssachusets insulins liding scale base of 6 units..
Abse unit is ALWASY a specific amount based on weight. units between 17 and 30 are too fluctuaing as a base rate. If you are using sliding scale you are not using a abse rate which means theer are free availabe insulin in your blood stream.

In contrast, a Type 2 has insulin resistance and is usually overweight/obese.
They will need INSANE amount of insulin, sometimes as much as 100-150 units a day. This excess insulin is part of what contributes to their increased risk of heart attack and vascular disease. It is much better to try and diet and exercise to lose weight for a Type 2 then wait until it gets so bad they must use insulin.

If a person were to take that much insulin you woudl go totally hypoglycemic. Its way to omuch even morbidly obese are based on low levels of insulin, So what algorthytm are you talking about. Perhaps you ought to seek out more information on begining basal levels.

I understand some people will eventually need insulin no matter what, but often it need not happen if people actually make the effort to lose the weight and correct what causes Type 2 diabetes in the first place, which is insulin resistance. In most (but not all) cases, this can be done simply by healthy eating and lots of exercise.

Insulin sensitivity is ANOTHER main difference between Type 1 and Type 2.

INsulin LEVELS in the BLOOD stream are the indications for which type.